Higher output power indicates stronger signal transmission capabilities and longer transmission distances, while higher receive sensitivity enhances the module's ability to detect weak light signals, improving the system's interference resistance. This article will analyze key performance parameters such as transmission rate, wavelength, numerical. In the era of 5G, AI, and high-speed data centers, optical modules serve as the core bridge for converting electrical signals to optical signals (and vice versa), enabling fast, reliable data transmission across networks. Among various optical module form factors, SFP (Small Form-Factor Pluggable). In optical communication systems, sensitivity is a measure of how weak an input signal can get before the bit-error ratio (BER) exceeds some specified number. The standards body governing the application sets this specified BER. Average optical power refers to the optical power outputted by the optical module's transmitter under normal working conditions, which can be understood as the intensity of light. The transmitted optical power is related to the proportion of "1"s in the transmitted data signal; the more "1"s, the. When it comes to evaluating the performance of an optical transceiver, two key factors come to the fore: Output power (TX Power) and Receiver Sensitivity (RX Sensitivity). An understanding of these concepts is pivotal to establishing an effective and efficient optical network. When the signal received is outside of the range, there is a.